Is hepatitis B surface antigen positive contagious?

Hepatitis B has two forms: acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is a serious infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), primarily transmitted through blood or other bodily fluids, sexual contact, and sharing personal items (such as razors and toothbrushes). When the hepatitis B virus replicates in a patient's body, it can spread the virus present in their blood or bodily fluids to others. The hepatitis B virus can be transmitted via exposed blood or bodily fluids, as well as through sexual contact. Therefore, hepatitis B is a positive infectious disease that most people may face at some point. It should be noted that transmission of hepatitis B only occurs when the virus is present in a person's body. Thus, to effectively prevent hepatitis B, everyone must maintain good hygiene practices, avoid sharing any items that could expose them to the virus, and refrain from engaging in risky behaviors (such as unprotected sex). Before traveling, individuals should undergo medical screening; if antibodies against the hepatitis B virus are detected (such as hepatitis B IgM), this indicates infection, and immediate antiviral treatment for hepatitis B should be initiated.