What causes leg cramps during sleep?

Leg cramps during sleep can be caused by various factors. Calcium deficiency is a common cause, as calcium ions play a crucial role in muscle contraction and relaxation; insufficient calcium may increase muscle excitability and lead to cramps. Excessive physical activity or prolonged standing during the day can fatigue the foot muscles, making cramps more likely at night. In addition, improper sleeping positions—such as placing prolonged pressure on the feet—can impair blood circulation and trigger cramping. Cold exposure is another frequent trigger; lower nighttime temperatures can cool the feet, causing muscles to contract and spasm. To prevent nocturnal leg cramps, it is advisable to maintain adequate calcium intake, avoid overexertion, keep the feet warm, and adopt proper sleeping postures. If cramps occur frequently, medical evaluation is recommended to identify the underlying cause.