Symptoms of Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a common vasculitic hypersensitivity disorder. Its main symptoms include: 1. Skin manifestations: The typical presentation is purpura on the lower extremities, symmetrically distributed, varying in size, mostly purplish-red in color, and non-blanching upon pressure. The skin lesions may be accompanied by itching or pain, and can extend to the upper limbs, face, and trunk. 2. Gastrointestinal symptoms: Patients may experience nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucoid stools, or bloody stools. In severe cases, intussusception may occur. 3. Joint symptoms: Approximately 82% of HSP patients develop arthritis, presenting as joint swelling, pain, tenderness, and functional impairment, particularly affecting large joints such as the knees and ankles. 4. Renal involvement: When the kidneys are affected, patients may exhibit hematuria, proteinuria, and cylindruria. In severe cases, chronic nephritis may develop.