Is hysterosalpingography painful?

Under normal circumstances, the discomfort caused by this examination is mild, mainly manifesting as a sensation of heaviness or bloating in the lower abdomen, which most women can tolerate. During the procedure, the doctor injects a contrast agent into the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes and uses imaging techniques to observe the distribution of the contrast agent within the fallopian tubes and pelvic cavity, thereby assessing tubal patency. Specifically, possible discomforts associated with hysterosalpingography include: 1. Lower abdominal fullness: The injection of contrast medium into the uterus and fallopian tubes may cause a feeling of pressure or distension in the lower abdomen. 2. Pain: Some patients may experience pain, particularly if there is tubal obstruction, hydrosalpinx, or tubal spasm, in which case the pain may be more pronounced. However, the pain is usually within tolerable limits; if necessary, pain-relieving medication can be taken. To minimize discomfort during the examination, it is recommended to schedule the procedure 3–7 days after the end of menstruation, ensure no sexual intercourse prior to the exam, and confirm the absence of any reproductive tract infection.