What could be the reason for lower abdominal pain if menstruation hasn't occurred?

Lower abdominal pain without timely onset of menstruation may involve various causes. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)—physiological symptoms occurring before menstruation—should be considered; it is typically accompanied by mild lower abdominal discomfort, breast tenderness, and other symptoms. Hormonal imbalances leading to menstrual irregularities can also disrupt the menstrual cycle and cause lower abdominal pain. Gynecological conditions such as pelvic inflammatory disease or adnexitis may likewise result in lower abdominal pain, although these are usually associated with additional symptoms like fever or abnormal vaginal discharge. Digestive system issues, including intestinal inflammation or spasms, could also lead to lower abdominal pain. If the pain persists or worsens, prompt medical evaluation is recommended. A healthcare professional can perform appropriate examinations and diagnosis to identify the underlying cause and initiate suitable treatment.