How are bladder stones formed?

The causes of bladder stone formation are diverse, mainly including: 1. Dietary factors: Long-term intake of foods rich in high animal protein can increase the levels of calcium and uric acid in urine, thereby increasing the risk of stone formation. 2. Foreign bodies in the bladder: Foreign bodies in the bladder, such as catheters or paraffin blocks resulting from surgery, may act as a core for stone formation, around which urinary salts deposit and eventually form stones. 3. Lower urinary tract obstruction: Obstruction of the lower urinary tract caused by conditions such as urethral stricture, bladder diverticulum, or tumors can lead to urine retention, promoting the formation of stones or urinary salt crystals in the bladder. 4. Secondary bladder infection: Inflammatory infections such as cystitis may cause abnormalities in urine composition, thereby promoting stone formation.