What causes lower abdominal pain in women?

The causes of lower abdominal pain in women are diverse, mainly including: 1. Physiological factors: Such as during menstruation and ovulation, some women may experience lower abdominal pain due to pelvic congestion and follicular rupture. 2. Exposure to cold or improper diet: Around the menstrual period, if women are exposed to cold or consume cold or irritating foods, it may cause lower abdominal pain. 3. Gynecological diseases: Such as chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, and others, which often cause persistent lower abdominal pain accompanied by other symptoms. 4. Digestive system diseases: Such as enteritis, intestinal spasm, and others, which may also cause lower abdominal pain. 5. Urinary system diseases: Such as kidney stones, ureteric stones, and others, which may be accompanied by lower abdominal pain and symptoms such as hematuria. It is recommended that women pay attention to the nature of the pain and associated symptoms when experiencing lower abdominal pain, and seek timely medical attention for accurate diagnosis and treatment when necessary.