How is childhood hyperactivity disorder caused?

The causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children are complex and may result from the combined effects of multiple factors. 1. Genetic factors are an important cause. Research indicates that ADHD has a certain degree of heritability. If a parent or sibling has ADHD, the child's risk of developing the disorder increases. 2. Abnormalities in brain structure and function are also associated with ADHD, particularly involving dysfunction in areas such as the frontal lobe and basal ganglia. 3. Imbalances in neurotransmitters are another possible cause of ADHD, especially involving abnormal function of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine. 4. Environmental factors, including adverse events during pregnancy and the perinatal period, family environment, and parenting styles, may also contribute to the development of ADHD. If symptoms suggestive of ADHD are present, prompt medical consultation is recommended.