What is rhabdomyolysis?

Rhabdomyolysis, also known as rhabdomyolysis syndrome, is a condition caused by various factors leading to damage of skeletal muscle cells, subsequently resulting in changes to cell membrane integrity and the release of intracellular contents (such as myoglobin and creatine kinase) into the bloodstream. The causes are diverse and include, but are not limited to, prolonged pressure on muscles due to fixed postures, excessive exercise, electric shock, burns, crush injuries from heavy objects, and adverse drug reactions. The main symptoms of rhabdomyolysis include manifestations of muscle involvement such as muscle pain, tenderness, swelling, and weakness. It may also be accompanied by fever, general fatigue, changes in urine color (such as tea-colored or red wine-colored urine), and acute kidney failure. Treatment primarily focuses on early hemodialysis, correction of acidosis, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.