Hydronephrosis or Renal Cyst: How to Manage

The treatment of hydronephrosis and renal cysts should be selected according to specific conditions, including medication, puncture drainage, and surgical treatment. Specific methods are as follows: 1. **Hydronephrosis**: Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause. If caused by stones, endoscopic lithotripsy may be used; if caused by a tumor, surgical removal is considered; if caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia, transurethral resection may be performed. Mild or moderate hydronephrosis can be treated with percutaneous drainage, while severe cases may require surgical intervention. 2. **Renal Cysts**: Simple cysts smaller than 4 cm generally require no treatment and only regular follow-up. When cysts are large, aspiration or surgical removal may be considered, especially when the cyst diameter exceeds 8 cm or causes significant compressive symptoms, surgical treatment becomes more necessary.