What is a liver nodule in cirrhosis?

Liver cirrhosis nodules represent a manifestation of chronic progressive liver disease, typically resulting from long-term and repeated effects of one or more etiological factors leading to widespread liver damage. In China, post-hepatitis cirrhosis is the primary cause, although alcoholic cirrhosis and schistosomal cirrhosis also account for a significant proportion. During the process of cirrhosis, extensive hepatocyte necrosis occurs, followed by nodular regeneration surrounded by fibrous tissue. The widespread disruption of liver architecture caused by these fibrous tissue-encapsulated regenerative nodules is referred to as liver cirrhosis nodules. This process is accompanied by connective tissue proliferation and fibrous septa formation, ultimately resulting in gradual deformation and hardening of the liver.