What is macular disease of the fundus?

Macular degeneration is a significant eye condition that affects vision, primarily occurring in the macula of the retina—the area responsible for central vision and color recognition. The disease is usually caused by factors such as aging, genetics, and unhealthy lifestyle habits, and is therefore also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Macular degeneration can be categorized into two types: dry and wet. Dry AMD is more common and is characterized by the gradual deterioration of macular cells, resulting in thin, patchy areas of atrophy. Wet AMD is more severe, as abnormal new blood vessels grow beneath the macula. These vessels are prone to leakage or bleeding, leading to rapid vision loss. Symptoms include blurred central vision, distorted straight lines (metamorphopsia), and difficulty reading or recognizing faces. In early stages, there may be no noticeable symptoms, but as the disease progresses, symptoms become increasingly apparent. Please note, if the above symptoms occur, prompt medical attention is essential. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preserving vision.