What are the causes of infertility?

Not being able to conceive, medically known as infertility, may involve multiple factors. The following are some causes that may lead to infertility: 1. Ovulation disorders: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian insufficiency, being underweight or overweight can affect normal ovulation. 2. Uterine abnormalities: Such as endometriosis, intrauterine adhesions, uterine fibroids, or congenital uterine malformations. 3. Fallopian tube problems: Such as tubal inflammation, hydrosalpinx, or blockage, which can hinder the passage of the fertilized egg. 4. Immunological factors: Antibodies such as antisperm antibodies may interfere with the fertilization process. 5. Hormonal imbalances: Abnormal thyroid function, hyperprolactinemia, etc. If a couple has not become pregnant after one year of having regular unprotected intercourse, they should consider consulting a specialist for evaluation and treatment. Early identification and management of these issues can improve the chances of successful conception.