What does a negative hepatitis C virus antibody test result mean?

When the test result is "HCV antibody negative," this typically means:

1. No previous infection with hepatitis C virus: The body has not encountered this virus and therefore has not produced specific antibodies against it.

2. Possibility of the window period: There is a window period in HCV infection, which refers to the early stage of infection when the virus has not yet stimulated the body to produce sufficient antibodies, and the test may therefore yield a negative result. For individuals with high-risk behaviors, such as unprotected sex or a history of blood transfusion, repeat testing is recommended even if the initial test is negative.

3. False-negative result: Although less common, limitations of the testing method or procedural errors may lead to a false-negative result. Further testing should be considered if there are ongoing high-risk behaviors or symptoms.

For individuals with negative HCV antibody test results, it is recommended to maintain a healthy lifestyle and avoid transmission routes of HCV, such as bloodborne and sexual transmission. If there are relevant risk factors or symptoms, prompt medical consultation is advised. High-risk populations are recommended to undergo regular HCV antibody testing for timely detection and treatment of HCV infection.