What causes yellow urine?

Changes in urine color can reflect the body's health status. Yellow urine is usually a normal physiological phenomenon, mainly related to urochrome and urobilin. If the urine color becomes abnormally yellow or dark yellow, it may be caused by the following reasons:

1. Food and medication effects: Consuming foods or medications such as carrots or B vitamins may cause yellow urine. Usually, the urine color returns to normal after discontinuing these foods or medications.

2. Excess B vitamins: Particularly vitamin B2, riboflavin, and B12. Excessive intake of these vitamins can cause yellowing of the urine.

3. Urine concentration: When the body lacks sufficient water intake, such as drinking too little water or excessive sweating, urine becomes concentrated, causing it to appear more yellow.

4. Liver and biliary system problems: Conditions such as hepatitis or bile duct obstruction can elevate blood bilirubin levels, resulting in darker-colored urine.

If urine remains abnormally yellow for a prolonged period and is accompanied by other symptoms such as painful urination, fever, or jaundice, prompt medical attention is recommended.