What causes dizziness and blurred vision during the second trimester of pregnancy?

Dizziness and vertigo during the second trimester of pregnancy are quite common and are primarily related to physiological changes during pregnancy.

As pregnancy progresses, the blood volume in the pregnant woman's body increases significantly. The heart needs to pump more blood to meet the demands of both the mother and the fetus, which may lead to a relative drop in blood pressure, particularly when standing up or changing positions suddenly, thus causing dizziness. Anemia is another common cause. Deficiencies in trace elements such as iron and folic acid may reduce red blood cell production and impair the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness in pregnant women.

At the same time, changes in hormone levels during pregnancy, especially increased progesterone, can cause blood vessels to dilate, further affecting blood pressure and potentially causing dizziness. Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is also a hidden contributing factor. When small arteries throughout the body spasm and blood pressure rises, cerebral vascular spasm and ischemia may occur, leading to dizziness. Additionally, during mid-pregnancy, improper glucose control in pregnant women—such as going too long without eating or having an unbalanced diet—may cause hypoglycemia, which can also result in dizziness and vertigo.