Types of Laser Eye Surgery

Laser eye surgery is a surgical procedure that uses laser technology to reshape the cornea in order to correct vision problems. Currently, common types of laser eye surgery mainly include laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), among others.

1. Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK): This is currently the most common type of laser surgery, suitable for most patients with myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. During the procedure, the surgeon creates a thin flap on the cornea, then uses a laser to precisely reshape the corneal curvature, and finally repositions the flap, which requires no stitches.

2. Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK): This is one of the earliest forms of laser vision correction, in which the laser treatment is applied directly to the surface of the cornea without creating a corneal flap. Recovery time is relatively longer compared with LASIK.

3. Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE): This is a minimally invasive procedure in which a small incision is made to remove a lens-shaped piece of corneal tissue, thereby reshaping the cornea. It is suitable for patients with moderate to high myopia.

When choosing laser eye surgery, patients should make comprehensive considerations based on their own ocular conditions, surgical needs, and the doctor's recommendations. Different surgical techniques have different indications and contraindications, so patients should undergo comprehensive preoperative examinations to ensure they select the most appropriate procedure. Additionally, patients should follow the doctor's instructions for postoperative eye care and follow-up visits to ensure optimal surgical outcomes and ocular health.