Will closed comedones turn into pimples?

In general, closed comedones refer to closed-type comedones, which may develop into pimples but not necessarily. Their progression is influenced by multiple factors.

Closed comedones are one of the early stages of acne, formed due to abnormal keratinization of the hair follicle opening, leading to sebum blockage. They are characterized by small visible bumps on the skin surface, without redness or openings, and with a rough texture; sebum and keratinocytes accumulate within the follicles, forming closed cysts. Closed comedones may develop into inflammatory acne due to the following factors: proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes within the comedones引发炎症反应; 激素水平变化导致皮脂腺活跃，闭口内压力增大；挤压、摩擦或不当护肤导致闭口破裂，细菌侵入引发感染。

对闭口的治疗，除了要减少皮脂分泌和改善毛囊角化，还需要注意控制细菌感染，避免炎症的发生。常见的治疗方法包括使用含有水杨酸、果酸、维A酸等成分的护肤品，这些成分有助于促进角质层代谢，减少角质堵塞；同时，保持面部清洁，避免手部频繁接触面部，减少细菌传播的机会。在严重情况下，可能需要医生开具口服或外用抗生素进行治疗。