Why does a newborn breathe rapidly while sleeping?

A newborn's respiratory rate is typically faster than that of an adult, reaching 40-60 breaths per minute. However, if obvious tachypnea (rapid breathing) occurs, it may require attention. Tachypnea in newborns can be caused by various factors, including but not limited to:

1. Physiological factors: The respiratory system of a newborn is not yet fully developed. The nasal passages are shorter and narrower, making airflow resistance more likely during breathing, which can lead to tachypnea. Additionally, the central nervous system's regulatory capacity is immature, resulting in irregular breathing patterns that may vary in speed, particularly during sleep. This is considered a normal physiological phenomenon and generally does not require excessive concern.

2. Disease-related factors: If a newborn suffers from respiratory infections, rhinitis, pneumonia, or other illnesses, tachypnea during sleep may also occur. These conditions can impair respiratory function and increase respiratory rate.

3. Environmental factors: Newborns are highly sensitive to changes in environmental temperature. If the sleeping environment is excessively hot or cold, it may stimulate the newborn's respiratory system, causing an increased respiratory rate.

If tachypnea is accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, coughing, or refusal to feed, prompt medical evaluation should be sought to rule out potential pathological causes. Additionally, maintaining an appropriate indoor environment is important to avoid adverse effects on the newborn.