Difference between modified radical mastectomy and radical mastectomy for breast cancer

The differences between modified radical mastectomy and radical mastectomy for breast cancer lie in the extent of surgical resection, recurrence probability, and cosmetic outcomes.

1. Different Extent of Resection

Modified radical mastectomy and radical mastectomy are both commonly used to treat breast cancer. Radical mastectomy refers to the complete removal of cancerous tissue to prevent cancer cell spread and metastasis, aiming for a curative outcome. This procedure typically involves removing the primary tumor, surrounding breast tissue, lymph nodes, and the pectoralis major and minor muscles. In contrast, modified radical mastectomy preserves the pectoralis major and minor muscles while removing other affected tissues, resulting in improved cosmetic appearance and fewer postoperative side effects.

2. Different Recurrence Rates

The risk of cancer recurrence after radical mastectomy tends to be relatively higher, whereas the recurrence rate following modified radical mastectomy is generally lower than that of radical mastectomy.

3. Different Cosmetic Outcomes

Radical mastectomy results in significant surgical trauma and poor cosmetic appearance; it may even lead to abnormalities in upper limb function. In comparison, modified radical mastectomy usually causes less visible trauma and better aesthetic outcomes.

It should be noted that after either surgery, a drainage tube is typically left in place inside the body, and patients need to regularly monitor the condition of the drainage. It is important to keep the wound clean and dry to prevent infection and worsening of the condition. Regarding diet, patients should eat light meals and avoid spicy or irritating foods, while consuming an appropriate amount of fresh fruits and vegetables.