What causes pain during anal contraction?
Jul 27, 2021
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhou Xinjun
Introduction
1. Hemorrhoids are a condition caused by the downward displacement of the anal cushions and varicosity of the hemorrhoidal veins.
2. Anal fissures are a common benign condition in proctology, primarily resulting from passage of large or hard stools that cause tearing of the perianal skin.
3. Anorectal tumors—whether benign or malignant—typically involve mucosal infection or direct compression of the anal region.
Painful anal contraction may result from perianal cysts or hemorrhoids. In cases of internal hemorrhoids, impaired tissue circulation can cause prolapse of hemorrhoidal tissue beyond the anal verge, leading to distending and burning pain upon external friction. Generally, topical suppositories may be used to alleviate symptoms. So, what exactly causes painful anal contraction? Below is an explanation of this condition.
What Causes Painful Anal Contraction?
1. Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are a condition caused by downward displacement of the anal cushions and varicosity of the hemorrhoidal veins. When hemorrhoids prolapse severely, hard stool may lacerate the hemorrhoidal mucosa and underlying blood vessels, resulting in bleeding during defecation. This bleeding may manifest as dripping or even arterial spurting, with bright red blood typically observed. Bleeding is often accompanied by protrusion of a palpable mass. Additionally, anal sinusitis commonly presents with mild anal discomfort, a sensation of heaviness or fullness, and burning pain during defecation due to fecal pressure on the inflamed anal sinuses.
2. Anal Fissure
Anal fissure is a common benign anorectal disorder, primarily caused by passage of large, hard stools that tear the perianal skin, resulting in bleeding and pain. It is frequently associated with perianal pain and constipation. Chronic constipation leads to dry, hardened stools and excessive straining during defecation, which may injure the anal canal skin and cause an anal fissure. This, in turn, triggers spasm of the anal sphincter muscle, resulting in painful anal contraction. Medical therapy combined with sitz baths may help relieve symptoms.
3. Anorectal Tumors
Both benign and malignant anorectal tumors may cause anal pain—either through secondary infection or direct compression of the anal mucosa. In advanced cases of anal or rectal cancer, neural invasion may lead to severe pain. Moreover, postoperative scarring, stenosis, or inflammatory irritation of the anus or rectum following various anorectal surgeries may also contribute to anal pain. Patients are advised to modify their dietary habits—for instance, increasing intake of fiber-rich foods that promote regular bowel movements.
The above outlines the potential causes of painful anal contraction. We hope this information is helpful to you.
