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How to Stop Gastric Bleeding

Aug 24, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhao Haiming
Introduction
Hemostatic treatment for gastric bleeding primarily involves volume replacement and anti-shock therapy. Hemostatic agents such as thrombin, posterior pituitary extract (vasopressin), somatostatin, and vasoactive drugs may be used. Surgical intervention, endoscopic therapy, and interventional radiology procedures are also employed; blood transfusion is administered when necessary. In cases of relatively minor gastric bleeding, no specific treatment may be required, as spontaneous hemostasis often occurs.

Today, people face immense work-related stress and frequently overwork, while also maintaining irregular daily eating habits. These unhealthy lifestyle patterns easily predispose individuals to gastrointestinal disorders. In daily life, if someone frequently experiences hematemesis (vomiting blood) or melena (black, tarry stools), gastric bleeding should be considered. Although gastric bleeding is a common clinical condition, public awareness and understanding of it remain limited. So, how is gastric bleeding managed and controlled?

How Is Gastric Bleeding Controlled?

The primary goals of treatment for gastric bleeding are to restore intravascular volume and prevent or treat shock. Pharmacologic interventions include administration of thrombin, posterior pituitary extract (vasopressin), somatostatin, and vasoactive agents. Surgical intervention, endoscopic therapy, and interventional radiology procedures may also be employed, with blood transfusion instituted when clinically indicated. In cases of mild gastric bleeding, spontaneous hemostasis often occurs without requiring specific therapeutic intervention. However, in patients presenting with massive or acute hemorrhage, prompt, symptom-guided management is essential.

For patients with mild-to-moderate gastric bleeding, pharmacotherapy remains one of the most effective treatment options. It not only helps rapidly alleviate symptoms but also reduces the risk of associated complications. Nevertheless, medication selection must be individualized based on the patient’s specific clinical condition. Commonly used drugs include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 (H₂) receptor antagonists. Among PPIs, omeprazole is widely prescribed; among H₂-receptor antagonists, ranitidine and cimetidine are frequently utilized. Additionally, thrombin or norepinephrine may be considered to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.

We recommend that patients consider complementary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) approaches—such as acupuncture—to enhance overall therapeutic efficacy. We hope this information proves helpful to you.

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