Types of Common Respiratory Infectious Diseases
Sep 29, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Guo Xiheng
Introduction
Common respiratory infectious diseases include meningococcal meningitis, measles, rubella, mumps, chickenpox, pediatric pneumonia, and others. Respiratory diseases refer to conditions confined to the respiratory system. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention at a hospital to avoid serious consequences. Patients should promptly visit professional and正规 hospitals for diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of qualified physicians.
Common respiratory infectious diseases include epidemic meningitis, measles, rubella, mumps, chickenpox, and pediatric pneumonia. Respiratory diseases refer to illnesses confined specifically to the respiratory system. It is recommended to seek timely medical treatment at a hospital to prevent serious consequences.
1. Epidemic Meningitis
Epidemic meningitis is a Class B notifiable infectious disease, an acute respiratory infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis. At the onset, it resembles the common cold, with symptoms such as runny nose, cough, headache, and fever. It commonly occurs during winter and spring, primarily affecting children under 15 years of age. The incubation period ranges from 1 to 7 days.
2. Measles
Measles is a Class B notifiable infectious disease, an acute systemic eruptive respiratory illness caused by the measles virus. Symptoms include fever, runny nose, conjunctivitis, cough, and skin maculopapular rash. Anyone who has not been vaccinated against measles is susceptible.
3. Rubella
Rubella is a common acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the rubella virus. It is characterized by low-grade fever and a generalized rash, often accompanied by swelling of the lymph nodes behind the ears and at the back of the head. The incubation period is approximately 12 to 19 days.
4. Chickenpox
The varicella (chickenpox) virus exists in the respiratory tract of early-stage patients and is primarily transmitted via respiratory droplets from saliva. It can also spread through contact with contaminated items such as clothing, toys, or utensils used by infected individuals. It is a common respiratory infectious disease among young children. Main symptoms include fever and the sequential appearance of macules, papules, and vesicles, often accompanied by itching or pain.
5. Pediatric Pneumonia
The main symptoms of pediatric pneumonia include fever, cough, rapid breathing, and flaring of the nostrils.
6. Mumps
Mumps is a Class C notifiable infectious disease, characterized by swelling and fever in one or both sides of the parotid glands without pus formation. It commonly affects children aged 4 to 15 and is most prevalent during winter and spring. Infection typically confers long-lasting immunity.
Patients are advised to seek prompt medical treatment to avoid serious complications.
