What causes renal hypertension?

Renal hypertension is generally caused by conditions such as pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease.

1. Pyelonephritis

Kidney disease and blood pressure are closely related. Clinically, many patients with kidney disease also have blood pressure issues. In cases of pyelonephritis, the glomerular filtration rate decreases, which affects systemic circulation and leads to hypertension. It is important to manage dietary habits by consuming low-salt, low-fat, light, and nutritious foods, getting adequate rest, and avoiding excessive fatigue.

2. Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is also associated with a reduced glomerular filtration rate, leading to decreased excretion of water and sodium, increased blood volume, and consequently volume-dependent hypertension. Diuretics may be used under medical guidance to promote sodium and water excretion for blood pressure control. Commonly used medications include hydrochlorothiazide tablets and furosemide tablets. However, over-diuresis should be avoided to prevent loss of blood volume and further decline in glomerular filtration rate.

3. Polycystic Kidney Disease

Polycystic kidney disease is a hereditary chronic kidney disorder. It can obstruct renal blood flow, causing congestion and edema in the kidneys. This impairs normal urine filtration, allowing body fluids to enter the bloodstream, increasing blood volume, elevating pressure on blood vessel walls, and triggering hypertension. Antihypertensive drugs such as amlodipine tablets or nifedipine controlled-release tablets may be used under a physician’s supervision for treatment.