What effects does drinking carbonated beverages have on the fetus when consumed by pregnant women?

Generally, occasional consumption of carbonated beverages by pregnant women will not have a significant impact on the fetus. However, long-term intake may lead to frequent fetal movements, abnormal fetal bone development, and large fluctuations in blood sugar levels.

1. Frequent fetal movements

       Most carbonated beverages are considered cold in nature, and the uterus is relatively sensitive to such substances. Carbonated drinks taken directly from the refrigerator can stimulate the uterus, causing uterine contractions, which may result in abdominal pain or "cold uterus" (a traditional concept referring to reduced uterine function due to cold exposure), thereby increasing fetal movement frequency.

2. Abnormal fetal bone development

       The phosphates found in many carbonated beverages can interfere with calcium absorption, potentially impairing fetal skeletal development. Moreover, this can also negatively affect the mother's health, leading to conditions such as osteoporosis and leg cramps.

3. Large blood sugar fluctuations

       Carbonated beverages are high in sugar, which can easily elevate blood glucose levels in pregnant women. Significant and rapid swings in blood sugar during pregnancy may harm fetal health. In severe cases, this could lead to gestational diabetes, complicating delivery.

In addition, excessive consumption of carbonated beverages by pregnant women may contribute to excessive weight gain and macrosomia (larger-than-average fetus), increasing the risk of difficult labor and birth injuries. Therefore, it is not recommended for pregnant women to consume large amounts of carbonated drinks during pregnancy. Maintaining a healthy diet is important for supporting proper fetal development.