Is carotid plaque removal surgery risky?

Apr 10, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Jianbin

Introduction

Carotid plaque removal surgery carries significant risks. The carotid artery consists of three layers, and the procedure can cause substantial vascular damage. If the surgery is not completed within the required time frame, excessive blood loss may occur, and prolonged vascular occlusion can lead to thrombus formation. Such clots may dislodge and travel through the bloodstream to vital organs, potentially causing death. Additionally, temporary interruption of blood flow increases the risk of cerebral ischemia.

Generally, carotid plaque removal surgery carries relatively high risks because the procedure is complex and involves areas close to the brain. The specific reasons are as follows:

The carotid artery consists of three layers: the intima, media, and adventitia. During surgery, all three layers must be incised, which causes significant vascular trauma. Arterial blood flows rapidly and the vessel contains a large volume of blood. If the procedure is not completed within the required timeframe, excessive blood loss may occur. Additionally, prolonged vascular occlusion increases the risk of thrombus formation. Once formed, such clots may dislodge and travel through the bloodstream to vital organs such as the lungs or heart, potentially causing fatal complications. Furthermore, temporary interruption of blood flow during surgery reduces cerebral perfusion, increasing the risk of cerebral ischemia.

Undergoing surgery at a正规 hospital, undergoing comprehensive preoperative evaluations to confirm surgical indications, and providing careful postoperative care can help reduce surgical risks and improve outcomes.

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How common is carotid artery plaque?

In general, a considerable number of people have carotid artery plaques. Arterial plaques can narrow or block the arteries, disrupting blood flow to the brain and increasing the risk of stroke or transient ischemic attack. However, not everyone with carotid artery plaques develops symptoms or complications, and the severity of the plaques and associated risks vary from person to person.

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Can exercise eliminate carotid artery plaques?

In general, exercise cannot directly eliminate carotid artery plaques. Carotid artery plaques are the result of atherosclerosis, referring to deposits of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances that form on the arterial walls. These plaques gradually grow larger, leading to narrowing and blockage of blood vessels, thereby impairing blood flow. Once formed within the arterial wall, carotid plaques are relatively stable.

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Should a 15mm carotid artery plaque be treated?

Carotid plaque refers to plaques or deposits that form on the walls of the carotid arteries in the neck, typically composed of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances. A 15mm carotid plaque usually requires treatment. Mild cases can be managed under a doctor's guidance with antiplatelet medications to prevent platelet aggregation. Severe cases may require surgical intervention.

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How to treat left carotid artery plaque and carotid stenosis

In general, left carotid artery plaques and carotid stenosis may be caused by factors such as smoking, arteritis, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the underlying cause, and receive symptomatic treatment under the guidance of a qualified physician. In daily life, maintain healthy habits and enhance your immune system through appropriate physical exercise.