What causes xanthelasma (yellowish patches on the face), what should be noted, and can it be cured?

Generally, facial xanthelasma may be caused by conditions such as sebum metabolism disorders, hyperlipoproteinemia, or hypercholesterolemia. It is usually curable, and attention should be paid to skin hygiene and daily diet. Specific analysis is as follows:

I. Causes

1. Sebum Metabolism Disorder

Facial xanthelasma may arise from a disorder in sebum metabolism. It commonly occurs on the inner canthus of both upper eyelids and presents with irregular shapes and varying sizes.

2. Hyperlipoproteinemia

If a person already has hyperlipoproteinemia, it may lead to elevated levels of plasma lipoproteins and free fatty acids in the body, thereby disrupting normal skin metabolism and causing facial xanthelasma.

3. Hypercholesterolemia

This may be an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that easily causes cholesterol metabolism abnormalities, impairing the clearance of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), leading to increased cholesterol levels and abnormal lipid deposition, which results in xanthelasma palpebrarum.

II. Precautions

1. Skin Hygiene

After diagnosis of facial xanthelasma, proper skin care is important. Avoid scratching the affected area with hands, as this may cause skin damage and lead to infection. Keep the skin clean and dry.

2. Daily Diet

Diet should consist mainly of light, easily digestible foods. Increase intake of fruits and vegetables, and avoid spicy or irritating foods.

Laser therapy, cryotherapy, or electrocautery are common treatment options and generally effective for cure. After treatment, take care to protect the skin from sun exposure and avoid ultraviolet radiation, which may impair recovery.