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What are the examination methods for macular disease?

Apr 23, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Cui Xin
Introduction
Macular degeneration is an eye condition commonly found in middle-aged and elderly individuals, significantly affecting vision; therefore, early examination is crucial. Methods for detecting macular degeneration include self-testing, ophthalmologic examinations, and angiography. Individuals are advised to choose the most suitable examination method according to their specific circumstances. Any symptoms should prompt immediate medical attention. Additionally, it is important to get adequate rest and avoid excessive physical fatigue.

Macular degeneration is an eye disease commonly found in middle-aged and elderly individuals, significantly affecting vision. Therefore, early examination is very important. Methods for detecting macular degeneration include self-testing, ophthalmologic examinations, and angiographic tests. The details are as follows:

1. Self-testing methods

1.1 Amsler grid test: This is a simple self-assessment method using a standardized Amsler grid. Patients should fix their gaze on the center of the grid under bright lighting and observe whether any areas appear blurry or distorted, recording the location and severity of any abnormalities. This method can effectively detect problems in the macular region.

1.2 Visual acuity self-test: Patients with macular degeneration often experience decreased vision. By comparing changes in visual acuity over time, one can help determine the cause of vision loss.

2. Ophthalmologic examinations

2.1 Slit-lamp examination: Using a slit lamp to examine the fundus allows accurate identification of the location, extent, and severity of macular lesions, and helps determine whether the condition has progressed to an advanced stage.

2.2 Direct ophthalmoscopy: Using a direct ophthalmoscope to observe structures within the fundus—including the choroid, retina, and vitreous body—can reveal abnormal changes in the macular area.

3. Angiographic examinations

3.1 Fluorescein angiography: In this test, damaged areas in patients with macular degeneration display distinct characteristics, helping doctors more accurately diagnose the type, extent, and severity of the lesion.

3.2 Optical coherence tomography (OCT): This technique examines the retinal structure in the macular region and is often used before taking photographs of the fundus.

In summary, diagnostic methods for macular degeneration include self-testing, ophthalmologic examinations, and angiographic tests. Self-testing methods are simple and convenient, while ophthalmologic and angiographic examinations require professional medical personnel. Individuals are advised to choose appropriate testing methods according to their specific circumstances. Any symptoms should be evaluated by a doctor promptly.


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