What causes pulmonary embolism?
Apr 25, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Guo Xiheng
Introduction
Patients with pulmonary embolism generally include those who are obese, bedridden for prolonged periods, or have undergone surgical procedures or trauma. If a patient is severely obese, it may lead to excessive cholesterol levels in the blood, increasing blood viscosity and slowing circulation. This can result in local deposition of substances and formation of blood clots. Under the influence of blood flow, these clots may travel to the pulmonary artery and potentially trigger pulmonary embolism.
Pulmonary embolism is generally caused by factors such as obesity, prolonged bed rest, and surgical trauma. A detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Obesity
Pulmonary embolism primarily occurs when blood clots block blood vessels, leading to impaired blood flow. In patients who are excessively obese, cholesterol levels in the blood may become elevated, increasing blood viscosity and slowing circulation. This can lead to localized deposits and clot formation. These clots may travel through the bloodstream and enter the pulmonary artery, potentially triggering pulmonary embolism.
2. Prolonged Bed Rest
If a patient must remain in bed for extended periods due to illness or other factors, reduced physical activity slows metabolism and causes blood stasis, particularly in the lower limbs. This significantly increases the risk of clot formation, thereby contributing to the development of pulmonary embolism.
3. Surgical Trauma
In patients undergoing procedures such as knee replacement surgery, improper surgical techniques may damage vascular endothelium. Excessive repair responses following such injury may also contribute to the development of this condition.
In addition, malignant tumors may also lead to pulmonary embolism. It is recommended that patients maintain a light diet and reduce intake of fatty foods in daily life.
