Causes of Dry Skin
Nov 20, 2020
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Li Ruizhi
Introduction
Causes of dry skin:
1. Ichthyosis – a genetically inherited disorder characterized by abnormal keratinization of the skin, presenting with scaly, fish-scale-like desquamation; the scales often resemble snake skin.
2. Vitamin A deficiency – insufficient vitamin A can lead to excessive skin dryness, also known as keratinization disorder.
3. Improper bathing practices – using water that is too hot may cause skin dryness and pruritus.
Dry skin refers to a condition in which the skin lacks adequate moisture, resulting in discomfort. Its primary symptoms include tightness, localized dryness and flaking, and generalized pruritus (itching) following bathing. Key contributing factors include aging, seasonal changes, insufficient sleep, excessive fatigue, excessively hot bath water, and the use of alkaline cleansers. Preventive measures include consistent daily skincare, balanced dietary adjustments, and maintaining adequate hydration by drinking sufficient water.
Causes of Dry Skin
1. Ichthyosis
Ichthyosis is a genetically inherited disorder characterized by abnormal keratinization of the skin. Its hallmark feature is scale-like desquamation resembling fish scales—or snake skin—hence its alternative name, “snake skin disease.” It commonly affects the extensor surfaces of the limbs and trunk. Individuals diagnosed with ichthyosis should seek timely medical evaluation and appropriate treatment to prevent disease progression due to inappropriate management.
2. Vitamin A Deficiency
Vitamin A deficiency can lead to severe skin dryness—clinically termed keratinization disorder. In addition to vitamin A supplementation, patients experiencing dry, itchy skin should also ensure adequate intake of vitamins B and C. Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables, soybeans, and shiitake mushrooms helps meet the body’s vitamin requirements and supports skin hydration.
3. Improper Bathing Practices
Individuals with obsessive cleanliness tendencies may bathe three to four times daily. Excessively hot water removes natural sebum from the skin surface, impairing its ability to retain moisture and leading to over-cleansing of the stratum corneum. Consequently, excessive or overly vigorous cleansing contributes significantly to dry skin.
4. Physiological Dryness
Occasional dryness and itching may represent normal physiological responses—not pathological conditions—and thus do not warrant undue concern. During dry weather, reduced sebum and moisture secretion cause roughness, dryness, and flaking. Dehydration of the stratum corneum stimulates cutaneous nerve endings, triggering pruritus. Therefore, regular application of moisturizing lotions during autumn and winter effectively prevents dry skin.
5. Prolonged Heat Exposure
Some individuals who feel particularly cold in winter frequently use electric blankets or hot-water bottles at night. Prolonged exposure to such heat sources accelerates transepidermal water loss, potentially causing allergic reactions and pruritus. Excessive heat may even induce erythema and edema. Hence, extended nighttime use of electric blankets or hot-water bottles is discouraged. Placing an additional blanket over the electric blanket helps prevent direct skin contact and reduces thermal irritation.
The above outlines the major causes of dry skin. We hope this information proves helpful.
