What causes a sudden high fever of 39°C in adults?
May 16, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Shuwen
Introduction
An adult suddenly developing a high fever of 39°C may be due to bacterial infection, viral infection, or acute pneumonia. If the fever is high or accompanied by other severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, severe headache, chest pain, or abdominal pain, medical attention should be sought promptly. The doctor will make a diagnosis based on the condition and provide appropriate treatment. It is important to rest adequately and maintain good indoor ventilation.
High fever, also known as hyperpyrexia, refers to a sudden rise in body temperature to 39°C or above in adults. This may be caused by bacterial infection, viral infection, or acute pneumonia. The specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Bacterial infection
When the body is infected with bacteria, the immune system releases certain special chemical substances to fight the bacteria, including a substance called interleukin, which alters the body's temperature regulation and leads to elevated body temperature. Patients can be treated with medications such as Penicillin V Potassium Tablets or Amoxicillin Tablets. Adequate rest should be taken, and overexertion should be avoided.
2. Viral infection
When viruses invade the body and multiply rapidly, they cause viral infections that result in high fever. Under medical guidance, patients may take antiviral medications such as Ribavirin Granules or Lopinavir and Ritonavir Tablets. It is recommended to eat easily digestible foods and avoid spicy, greasy, or heavy meals.
3. Acute pneumonia
Acute pneumonia is typically a lung infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, triggering a febrile response and leading to increased body temperature. Immediate medical attention is necessary. Under a doctor’s supervision, anti-inflammatory medications should be taken, adequate rest maintained, and indoor air kept well-circulated. Patients may be prescribed medications such as Clindamycin Hydrochloride Tablets or Azithromycin Capsules under medical guidance.
If the fever is very high or accompanied by other severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, severe headache, chest pain, or abdominal pain, prompt medical care is essential. A doctor will make a diagnosis based on the condition and provide appropriate treatment.
