What does "protein ±" mean?

Aug 27, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Shuwen

Introduction

In general, protein ± refers to a trace amount of protein in routine urine testing. A trace amount of protein in urine means that the urine test shows slightly positive for protein, with a urinary protein concentration of approximately 0.3 g/L. Trace proteinuria may be seen in functional proteinuria, as well as in proteinuria caused by organic diseases. If a patient presents with trace proteinuria, timely medical evaluation is recommended.

Under normal circumstances, protein ± refers to trace protein in a routine urine test. Protein ± in a routine urinalysis indicates a weakly positive result for urinary protein, meaning the protein concentration in urine is approximately 0.3 g/L. This finding may be seen in functional proteinuria, as well as in proteinuria caused by organic diseases. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Functional Proteinuria

Weakly positive urinary protein may appear after intense physical exercise, exposure to cold, or excessive protein intake. However, this condition is not due to structural kidney damage and often resolves after rest, warming up, or adjusting the diet. Follow-up tests may show normalization of results.

2. Proteinuria Due to Organic Diseases

Mild kidney dysfunction caused by various conditions can also lead to weakly positive urinary protein. Examples include urinary tract infections, hypertensive nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. In such cases, regular follow-up testing is necessary to closely monitor disease progression, and treatment should target the underlying condition.

If a patient shows a protein ± result in routine urinalysis, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation at a hospital to avoid delaying diagnosis and treatment.

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