What are the consequences of long-term high altitude reaction?

　　"High altitude reaction" generally refers to altitude sickness. In general, prolonged exposure to high altitudes may lead to consequences such as headache, insomnia, loss of appetite, pulmonary edema, and cerebral edema. The specific analysis is as follows:

　　1. Headache

　　From a physiological standpoint, high altitude reactions are caused by a combination of factors including high elevation, low oxygen levels, and low humidity in plateau regions, leading to adaptive changes in the body. These changes may affect central nervous system blood supply and circulatory return, resulting in headache symptoms. Applying an ice pack to the painful area can help relieve the headache.

　　2. Insomnia

　　Due to the high elevation of plateau regions, individuals who do not normally live at high altitudes may experience physical discomfort upon sudden exposure, which can lead to mood disturbances and insomnia. Self-administered oxygen or medical oxygen therapy at healthcare facilities can improve cerebral hypoxia and thereby help restore normal sleep.

　　3. Loss of appetite

　　Inadequate adaptation to the high-altitude environment can cause bodily hypoxia, triggering altitude sickness and resulting in reduced appetite. It is recommended that affected individuals stop physical activity, sit or lie down to rest, and move to a lower altitude to alleviate discomfort.

　　4. Pulmonary edema

　　Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest tightness, coughing, and increased heart rate, even at rest. These symptoms are usually difficult to relieve through rest alone and can become life-threatening in severe cases—this condition is the primary cause of fatality related to altitude sickness. Medications such as nifedipine tablets or furosemide tablets may be used under medical guidance.

　　5. Cerebral edema

　　To maintain oxygen supply to brain tissue under hypoxic conditions, the body compensates by increasing cerebral blood flow. At the same time, blood-brain barrier permeability increases, leading to brain cell swelling. Severe cases may present with seizures or coma. Medications such as acetazolamide tablets or dexamethasone acetate tablets may be administered as directed by a physician.

　　In addition, prolonged high altitude exposure may also lead to other conditions such as dyspnea, hypertension, and heart disease. It is recommended to seek prompt medical attention if any discomfort occurs, to avoid delaying treatment and compromising health.