How is hemorrhagic fever diagnosed?

In general, hemorrhagic fever refers to epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Epidemic hemorrhatic fever can be diagnosed through physical examination, routine blood tests, routine urine tests, blood biochemical tests, and chest X-ray examinations. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Physical Examination

Typical symptoms of epidemic hemorrhagic fever include fever and bleeding. During a physical examination at the hospital, doctors first assess vital signs such as respiration, blood pressure, pulse, and body temperature. They then examine the skin and mucous membranes for petechiae (bleeding spots), noting their size and location. Additionally, they check for signs of enlargement in the liver, spleen, or lymph nodes.

2. Routine Blood Test

This test evaluates white blood cell count, platelet count, and lymphocyte count in patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever, helping physicians assess the patient's condition.

3. Routine Urine Test

A routine urine test is useful for diagnosing epidemic hemorrhagic fever, as proteinuria provides significant diagnostic clues. Moreover, hantavirus particles may be detected in urinary sediment.

4. Blood Biochemical Test

This test helps evaluate blood gas analysis and liver function in patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Metabolic acidosis commonly occurs during the shock phase and oliguric phase of the disease.

5. Chest X-ray Examination

Some patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever may develop pulmonary edema or pleural effusion, which require confirmation via chest X-ray imaging.

Besides the above methods, epidemic hemorrhagic fever can also be confirmed through electrocardiogram (ECG) and immunological tests. Patients may take antiviral medications such as ribavirin tablets or acyclovir tablets under medical supervision. If any symptoms occur, individuals should promptly seek medical attention to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment.