Can people with temporomandibular joint disorder sleep on their side?

In general, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder refers to internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. Whether individuals with internal TMJ derangement can sleep on their side depends on the specific circumstances. Typically, side sleeping is permissible for those with internal TMJ derangement; however, if a patient grinds their teeth during sleep, side sleeping should be avoided. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Permissible

Internal TMJ derangement is a condition affecting the facial muscles and the temporomandibular joint, potentially causing symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and restricted joint movement. Although patients may experience local discomfort after developing internal TMJ derangement, this condition is generally unrelated to sleeping position. Therefore, patients can choose a comfortable sleeping posture—either side sleeping or supine—without negatively affecting the condition or worsening symptoms. However, it is important to avoid exposing the face to cold air during sleep, as this might aggravate the condition.

2. Not recommended

However, for some patients with internal TMJ derangement, side sleeping may exacerbate symptoms. This is because side sleeping can place the jawbone in an unnatural position, increasing pressure on the temporomandibular joint and thereby intensifying pain and discomfort. Additionally, if a patient grinds their teeth during sleep, side sleeping may worsen this problem, as it could cause the lower jaw to shift to one side. In such cases, side sleeping is not advised.

If a patient experiences discomfort or worsening symptoms, it is recommended to seek medical attention at a hospital promptly to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment.