What causes high blood pressure?

Generally, hypertension may be caused by factors such as chronic sleep deprivation, genetic predisposition, glomerulonephritis, diabetes, and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. When experiencing bodily discomfort, one should not ignore the symptoms but seek medical attention promptly. The detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Chronic Sleep Deprivation

Excessive work or mental stress often leads to prolonged lack of sleep, preventing the body from adequate rest. This results in increased physical stress, sympathetic nervous system activation, and blood vessel constriction. Over time, these changes can lead to hypertension. Symptoms may include dizziness, headache, palpitations, and insomnia. It's important to avoid staying up late and ensure sufficient rest and sleep.

2. Genetics

Hypertension has a certain hereditary tendency. Individuals with a family history of hypertension, especially among immediate relatives, have an increased risk of developing the condition. Symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and palpitations may also occur. A low-sodium diet, limited alcohol consumption, and regular aerobic exercise are recommended to improve cardiovascular and pulmonary function and help lower blood pressure.

3. Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis refers to inflammatory changes in the glomeruli of the kidneys and is associated with factors such as genetics, infection, immune dysfunction, and metabolic disorders. It impairs the kidney’s ability to excrete water and sodium, leading to increased blood volume and elevated blood pressure. Other possible symptoms include renal dysfunction, edema, and back pain. Treatment should be guided by a physician using medications such as losartan potassium and hydrochlorothiazide tablets, torasemide injection, and triamterene tablets.

4. Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder. Prolonged high blood glucose levels damage blood vessel walls, reduce vascular elasticity, and increase blood viscosity, thereby increasing the burden on the heart and blood vessels, which can lead to hypertension. Common symptoms include excessive thirst, increased appetite, frequent urination, and weight loss. Medications such as metoprolol tartrate tablets, enalapril maleate tablets, and indapamide tablets should be used according to medical advice.

5. Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease

Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is typically caused by insufficient blood supply in the coronary arteries, leading to myocardial ischemia. This results in oxygen deficiency in the heart muscle, impairing normal cardiac function and causing elevated blood pressure. Symptoms may include chest pain, chest tightness, palpitations, and shortness of breath. Treatment should follow a physician’s recommendations and may include medications such as furosemide tablets, nifedipine sustained-release tablets, and captopril tablets.

To prevent and manage hypertension effectively, it is important to maintain a regular daily routine, follow a low-salt diet, engage in moderate physical activity, undergo regular health check-ups, and promptly detect and treat related conditions.