What are the benefits, effects, and contraindications of Jerusalem artichoke?

Jerusalem artichoke is a perennial herbaceous plant whose tubers are rich in nutrients. Its main benefits and effects include improving blood glucose control, promoting intestinal health, enhancing immunity, aiding weight loss, and possessing anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Common contraindications include individuals with skin itching, gastrointestinal disorders, those who should avoid consuming it with high-calorie foods, pregnant women, and those allergic to Jerusalem artichoke. If accidental consumption leads to discomfort, prompt medical attention is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

I. Benefits and Effects

1. Improving Blood Glucose Control
Jerusalem artichoke is rich in fructooligosaccharides (FOS), a type of soluble fiber that releases sugar slowly into the bloodstream, helping to stabilize blood glucose levels.

2. Promoting Intestinal Health
Fructooligosaccharides also act as prebiotics, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. This helps maintain a healthy gut microbiome, enhances digestive health, and prevents constipation and other gastrointestinal issues.

3. Enhancing Immunity
Jerusalem artichoke contains high levels of vitamin C and antioxidants, which can strengthen immune system function and help the body resist diseases and infections. Additionally, a healthy gut microbiota contributes to improved immune responses.

4. Assisting Weight Loss
Due to its high dietary fiber content, Jerusalem artichoke increases satiety after consumption, reducing overall food intake and thereby supporting weight management.

5. Anti-inflammatory and Anti-allergic Effects
Certain compounds in Jerusalem artichoke have anti-inflammatory properties that may help reduce inflammatory responses, offering relief for inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. Moreover, Jerusalem artichoke may help reduce allergic reactions; moderate consumption could alleviate allergy symptoms.

II. Contraindications

1. Individuals with Skin Itching
Jerusalem artichoke may exacerbate symptoms of skin itching. Patients with skin conditions involving itching should consume it cautiously.

2. Individuals with Poor Digestive Health
Jerusalem artichoke contains substantial dietary fiber. Those with weak digestion or gastrointestinal sensitivities may experience bloating, abdominal pain, or diarrhea after consumption.

3. Avoid Combining with High-Calorie Foods
Jerusalem artichoke itself is low in calories. When consumed alongside high-calorie, high-fat foods, it may contribute to excessive calorie intake, negatively affecting weight control and overall health.

4. Pregnant Women
Pregnant women have unique physiological conditions, and consuming Jerusalem artichoke may have uncertain effects on both mother and fetus. Therefore, caution is advised.

5. Individuals Allergic to Jerusalem Artichoke
Some people may be allergic to Jerusalem artichoke. Allergic reactions may include skin redness, itching, or difficulty breathing. Such individuals should avoid consuming it.

In daily life, it is recommended to consume Jerusalem artichoke in moderation, maintain a balanced diet, and avoid long-term intake of spicy foods to prevent gastrointestinal irritation.