What causes pelvic inflammatory disease?

In general, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) may be caused by frequent sexual activity, excessive cleaning, intrauterine devices (IUDs), sexually transmitted infections (STIs), bacterial vaginosis, and other factors. If the above conditions occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Frequent Sexual Activity

Frequent sexual intercourse may increase the risk of pelvic infection, leading to pelvic inflammatory disease. It is advisable to maintain an appropriate frequency of sexual activity in daily life.

2. Excessive Cleaning

Overuse of vaginal douches or cleansers may disrupt the natural balance of vaginal flora, potentially causing pelvic inflammatory disease. Avoid excessive cleaning and use mild, gentle cleansing products.

3. Intrauterine Device (IUD)

The use of an intrauterine device may increase the risk of pelvic infection, making pelvic inflammatory disease more likely. Common symptoms include lower abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities, and increased vaginal discharge. Patients should follow a doctor's guidance to take medications such as amoxicillin capsules, azithromycin dispersible tablets, or cefradine capsules for treatment.

4. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Infections caused by pathogens such as *Neisseria gonorrhoeae* or *Chlamydia trachomatis* transmitted through sexual contact may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. Symptoms often include purulent vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain, and pain during intercourse. Patients may follow medical advice to use medications such as ceftriaxone sodium injection, azithromycin tablets, or levofloxacin tablets to relieve symptoms.

5. Bacterial Vaginosis

An imbalance in the vaginal bacterial flora, resulting in overgrowth of bacteria such as *Gardnerella*, can easily trigger pelvic inflammatory disease. Symptoms may include increased vaginal discharge, unpleasant odor, and vulvar itching. Under a doctor’s recommendation, patients may use medications such as metronidazole vaginal gel, compound metronidazole vaginal suppositories, or norfloxacin cream to improve symptoms.

Pay attention to dietary care, maintain a balanced diet, and strengthen nutrition. During fever, consume light, easily digestible foods and avoid spicy or cold foods. Additionally, moderate exercise can enhance immune function and resistance, aiding recovery from pelvic inflammatory disease. It is recommended to choose gentle forms of exercise such as yoga or jogging.