Why do elderly people feel cold?

Generally, feeling cold in the elderly may be caused by factors such as reduced basal metabolic rate, improper clothing, hypothyroidism, anemia, or hypotension. Treatment can include general measures and medication under a doctor's guidance. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Reduced Basal Metabolic Rate

With aging, the basal metabolic rate in the elderly gradually declines—meaning the body consumes less energy at rest—leading to decreased heat production and making them more susceptible to feeling cold in chilly environments. Regular light exercise should be performed to help improve basal metabolic rate.

2. Improper Clothing

Due to cognitive decline or limited mobility, older adults may not adjust their clothing promptly or appropriately in response to changes in ambient temperature. Wearing too little or clothing with poor insulation can lead to feelings of cold. Family members or caregivers should assist the elderly in adjusting clothing according to weather changes.

3. Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is caused by insufficient levels of thyroid hormones. A reduction in thyroid hormone secretion leads to decreased metabolism, reduced heat production, and lower body temperature, causing the elderly to feel cold. Symptoms may include cold intolerance and slowed reactions. Patients should follow medical advice to take medications such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, thyroid tablets, or Yiqi Fumai capsules.

4. Anemia

The elderly are prone to anemia due to poor nutrient absorption, chronic diseases, or diminished hematopoietic function. Anemia results in reduced red blood cell count or impaired quality, leading to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, disrupted energy metabolism, and subsequent feelings of cold. Symptoms may include pallor and dizziness. Treatment may involve medications such as ferrous sulfate tablets, folic acid tablets, or vitamin B12 injections, used under medical supervision.

5. Hypotension

Reduced vascular elasticity and declining cardiac function are common contributors to hypotension. Low blood pressure may impair peripheral circulation, depriving tissues of sufficient oxygen and energy, thus causing the aforementioned symptoms. Symptoms may also include dizziness and palpitations. Medications such as Shengmai Yin oral liquid, midodrine hydrochloride tablets, or Shenqi Shengyang Bu Xue capsules should be taken as prescribed by a physician.

Elderly individuals should pay attention to staying warm, maintain a balanced diet, and engage in moderate physical activity to preserve overall health and prevent cold sensations caused by conditions such as reduced metabolic rate, hypotension, or anemia.