What causes single umbilical artery?
Oct 08, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Tian Hongbo
Introduction
Single umbilical artery (SUA) refers to a condition in which the fetal umbilical cord contains only one umbilical artery and one umbilical vein. SUA may be caused by genetic factors, natural variation, chromosomal abnormalities, placental insufficiency, thrombosis, or other reasons, and management should be tailored according to the specific circumstances. Pregnant women are advised to strengthen prenatal examinations to promptly identify and address potential issues, ensuring the health of both mother and baby.
Single umbilical artery (SUA) refers to a condition in which the fetal umbilical cord contains only one umbilical artery and one umbilical vein. SUA may be caused by genetic factors, natural variation, chromosomal abnormalities, placental insufficiency, thrombosis, or other reasons, and management should be tailored according to the specific cause. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Genetic factors: SUA may be associated with familial inheritance. A family history of SUA in parents or relatives may increase the risk of this condition in offspring. Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis can help assess the fetal risk.
2. Natural variation: During early embryonic development, the two original umbilical arteries may fuse into one, resulting in SUA. This is considered a natural variant with no clear external triggers. No special treatment is required, but enhanced prenatal monitoring is recommended to closely track fetal development.
3. Chromosomal abnormalities: Chromosomal abnormalities may lead to abnormal fetal development, including SUA. Common chromosomal disorders associated with SUA include Down syndrome and Williams syndrome. Comprehensive prenatal screening and diagnostic testing are recommended. Based on the diagnosis, decisions regarding continuation of pregnancy can be made accordingly.
4. Placental insufficiency: Impaired placental function may restrict blood flow through the umbilical cord, affecting the formation of the umbilical vein and normal development of the umbilical arteries, potentially leading to SUA. Close prenatal monitoring is essential to assess fetal growth and placental function. If necessary, interventions such as nutritional support and measures to improve placental circulation may be implemented.
5. Thrombosis: Thrombosis may cause atrophy of one umbilical artery, which in severe cases could result in SUA. Pregnant women should carefully monitor fetal movements, especially in the third trimester, to ensure fetal safety.
Pregnant women are advised to undergo regular and thorough prenatal examinations to promptly identify and manage any issues, thereby ensuring maternal and fetal health.
