What causes a positive urine glucose test?

Under normal circumstances, a positive urine glucose test indicates that the urinalysis results show a high concentration of glucose in the urine. Possible causes of positive urine glucose include intense physical exercise, high-sugar diet, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and diabetic nephropathy. If any of these conditions occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific explanations are as follows:

1. Intense Physical Exercise

During intense exercise, increased secretion of blood sugar-raising hormones such as adrenaline may lead to elevated blood glucose levels and increased excretion of glucose in the urine. It is important in daily life to maintain moderate physical activity and avoid excessively strenuous exercise. After exercising, it's essential to replenish fluids and electrolytes promptly.

2. High-Sugar Diet

Consuming large amounts of sugary foods or beverages within a short period may cause a rapid rise in blood glucose levels. When this exceeds the renal glucose threshold, the kidneys cannot completely reabsorb all the glucose, leading to excess glucose being excreted in the urine, resulting in positive urine glucose. It is advisable to adjust dietary habits by reducing intake of high-sugar foods and increasing consumption of vegetables, whole grains, and other foods rich in dietary fiber.

3. Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism, caused by excessive secretion of thyroid hormones, promotes gluconeogenesis and glycogen breakdown, which can elevate blood glucose levels and increase urinary glucose excretion. Symptoms may also include palpitations, excessive sweating, hand tremors, and weight loss. Patients can be treated under medical supervision with medications such as metoprolol tartrate tablets, propranolol hydrochloride tablets, and propylthiouracil tablets.

4. Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes is usually caused by factors such as genetics and obesity, leading to insufficient insulin secretion or impaired insulin function, resulting in persistently elevated blood glucose levels. Excess glucose cannot be fully reabsorbed by the kidneys and thus appears in the urine. Common symptoms include thirst, increased fluid intake, frequent urination, and weight loss. Under medical guidance, patients may use medications such as recombinant human insulin injection (hydrochloride), glipizide tablets, and insulin aspart injection for treatment.

5. Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the serious complications of diabetes, characterized by impaired renal reabsorption function, leading to the aforementioned symptoms. Additional manifestations may include proteinuria and edema. Patients should follow medical advice and use medications such as rosiglitazone maleate tablets, mitiglinide calcium tablets, and metformin hydrochloride tablets for treatment.

In daily life, it is important to maintain a balanced diet and avoid excessive intake of high-sugar foods; engage in regular, appropriate exercise, and ensure timely hydration after physical activity. Pay close attention to personal health and well-being.