What are the symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Nov 13, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Tiesheng

Introduction

In daily life, patients should pay attention to keeping their clothing dry, clean, soft, and comfortable. When going outdoors, they should wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants as much as possible to avoid direct sunlight exposure, which may worsen the condition. Patients should regularly consume foods rich in high-quality protein, such as fish, chicken, and lean pork, and avoid alcohol consumption, which is beneficial for controlling the disease.

　　In general, symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may include rash, fever, proteinuria, anemia, joint pain, and others. If any discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek timely medical attention at a hospital and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of a physician. Specific analysis is as follows:

　　1. Rash

　　Most patients with systemic lupus erythematosus develop rashes during the course of the disease, including malar butterfly rash, discoid rash, palmar and periungual erythema, among others. These rashes are typically not accompanied by significant itching.

　　2. Fever

　　In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, immune cells are abnormally active and produce large amounts of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukins and tumor necrosis factor. These cytokines act on the body's temperature regulation center, leading to fever.

　　3. Proteinuria

　　Proteinuria primarily results from damage to the glomerular filtration barrier caused by systemic lupus erythematosus. When immune function is abnormal, the immune system attacks kidney tissue, increasing the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. This allows large amounts of protein from the blood to pass through into the urine, resulting in proteinuria.

　　4. Anemia

　　Anemia is common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and may be caused by increased red blood cell destruction, suppressed hematopoietic function, or malnutrition.

　　5. Joint Pain

　　Immune complexes may deposit in the joints, triggering inflammatory responses and causing tissue damage, which leads to joint pain.

　　In daily life, patients should ensure their clothing is dry, clean, soft, and comfortable. When going outdoors, wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants is advisable to avoid direct sunlight exposure, which could exacerbate the condition. Patients should also consume more foods rich in high-quality protein, such as fish, chicken, and lean pork, and avoid alcohol consumption, all of which are beneficial for controlling disease progression.

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