What are the symptoms of drug-induced liver injury?
Dec 12, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Gao Jun
Introduction
Typical symptoms of drug-induced liver injury include general fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort, abnormalities of the skin and mucous membranes, pain in the liver area, and fever. Once the above symptoms appear—especially in individuals with a recent history of medication use—it is important to seek timely medical evaluation and liver function testing at a hospital. When liver metabolic function is impaired, insufficient energy production leads to persistent fatigue that worsens after physical activity and is difficult to relieve even with rest.
Typical symptoms of drug-induced liver injury include general fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort, abnormalities of the skin and mucous membranes, pain in the liver area, fever, and others. Once these symptoms appear—especially in individuals with a recent history of medication use—it is important to seek timely medical evaluation and liver function testing.
1. General fatigue: Impaired liver metabolism leads to insufficient energy production, manifesting as persistent tiredness that worsens with physical activity and does not improve with rest, often accompanied by lethargy.
2. Gastrointestinal discomfort: Damage to liver cells disrupts bile secretion, resulting in loss of appetite, nausea, bloating, diarrhea or constipation. Some patients may develop an aversion to greasy foods.
3. Skin and mucous membrane abnormalities: Impaired bilirubin metabolism causes yellowing of the skin and sclera (jaundice). Patients may also experience skin itching and scratch marks. In severe cases, urine becomes dark (like strong tea), while stool color lightens.
4. Liver area pain: Liver inflammation stimulating the capsule or hepatocyte swelling stretching the capsule can cause dull, distending, or stabbing pain in the right upper abdomen or liver region. Pain may worsen upon palpation.
5. Fever: Some patients develop low-grade fever at the onset of illness, typically between 37.5°C and 38.5°C. The fever is often persistent and may be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as chills and dizziness.
For daily care, ensure adequate sleep and avoid staying up late to reduce the burden on the liver. Maintain a light, easily digestible diet rich in high-quality protein and vitamins. Avoid spicy and greasy foods. Discontinue any suspected medications strictly as directed by a physician, and refrain from self-administering other drugs or supplements.
