What causes blackheads on the face, and how should they be treated?
Nov 14, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wenmin
Introduction
Blackheads on the face are usually caused by factors such as improper diet, inadequate skincare, hormonal imbalances, folliculitis, or seborrheic dermatitis. Treatments may include glycolic acid peels, laser therapy, photorejuvenation, or medication, under the guidance of a doctor. It is important to maintain clean skin and regularly use gentle facial cleansers for daily cleansing.
Blackheads on the face are usually caused by factors such as improper diet, inadequate skincare, hormonal imbalance, folliculitis, or seborrheic dermatitis. Treatments may include chemical peels, laser therapy, photorejuvenation, or medication under medical supervision. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Improper Diet
Consuming excessive spicy or greasy foods over a long period may increase sebaceous gland secretion, leading to clogged pores and blackheads. It is advisable to adjust the diet toward lighter foods. Under medical guidance, glycolic acid peels can be used to loosen tissue around blackheads and stimulate collagen regeneration, effectively removing blackheads. The typical reference cost for a glycolic acid peel is 1,500–2,500 RMB per session. Improvement is generally seen within 1–2 weeks after treatment, though side effects such as dry skin and peeling may occur.
2. Inadequate Skincare
Using overly oily skincare products may burden the skin, impede natural oil expulsion, and lead to blackhead formation. Opting for lightweight, non-greasy skincare products can help maintain清爽 and hydrated skin. Laser therapy, recommended by a physician, uses laser energy to break down pigmentation and stimulate collagen remodeling, helping remove blackheads and minimize pores. The typical reference cost for laser therapy is 3,000–5,000 RMB per session, with noticeable improvement usually appearing in 2–4 weeks. Possible side effects include redness, swelling, and hyperpigmentation.
3. Hormonal Imbalance
Stress and chronic sleep deprivation may disrupt endocrine function, increasing androgen levels and causing excess sebum production, resulting in blackheads. Symptoms often include oily skin and enlarged pores. Treatment options under medical advice include oral medications such as Xiaoyao Pills, Wuji Baifeng Pills, or Kuntai Capsules. Photorejuvenation (intense pulsed light therapy) may also be recommended to break down blackhead material and promote collagen production, improving overall skin texture. The typical reference cost for photorejuvenation is 1,000–3,000 RMB per session, with visible improvement usually within 1–2 weeks. Possible side effects include redness, swelling, and discomfort.
4. Folliculitis
Folliculitis is commonly associated with poor skin hygiene and bacterial infection. When hair follicles become blocked, accumulation of sebum and bacteria may lead to blackheads. Symptoms often include redness, swelling, pain, and itching. Under medical supervision, treatments may include topical applications such as fusidic acid cream, mupirocin ointment, or calamine lotion.
5. Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is primarily caused by genetic factors and Malassezia fungal infection. Chronic inflammation damages the skin barrier, leading to excessive oil buildup and symptoms such as blackheads. Common accompanying symptoms include oily skin, itching, and flaking. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include selenium sulfide shampoo, vitamin B2 tablets, or hydrocortisone butyrate cream.
To maintain healthy skin, it is important to keep the skin clean by regularly using gentle facial cleansers, maintain a regular sleep schedule, and avoid chronic sleep deprivation.
