What are the causes of low aldosterone?

In general, low aldosterone levels may be caused by excessive sodium intake, intense physical exercise, kidney stones, chronic pyelonephritis, renal artery sclerosis, and other factors, requiring different management approaches depending on the specific cause.

1. Excessive sodium intake: Consuming large amounts of sodium increases the osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid, which is detected by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus. This triggers feedback signals through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to suppress the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). It is recommended to adjust dietary habits and reduce intake of high-salt foods such as pickled vegetables, ham sausages, and salted meats.

2. Intense physical exercise: During vigorous exercise, blood flow is redirected predominantly to active muscle tissues, resulting in relatively reduced renal blood flow. This leads to decreased renin secretion and subsequently lower aldosterone production. Additionally, significant electrolyte loss through sweating after exercise can also affect aldosterone secretion to some extent. It is advised to promptly replenish fluids and electrolytes post-exercise to help restore normal circulation and endocrine function.

3. Kidney stones: When kidney stones obstruct the urinary tract, intrarenal pressure rises and renal perfusion decreases, impairing renin secretion and consequently reducing aldosterone production. It is recommended to follow medical advice and use medications such as Shenshi Tong Granules or Paishi Granules for treatment.

4. Chronic pyelonephritis: Chronic pyelonephritis is an infectious kidney disease. Prolonged inflammatory stimulation causes damage to renal tissue, leading to reduced renin secretion and subsequently lower aldosterone levels. Treatment under medical supervision with antibiotics such as amoxicillin capsules or levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets is recommended.

5. Renal artery sclerosis: Sclerosis of the renal arteries narrows the vessel lumen, reducing blood perfusion to the kidneys. Decreased renal perfusion pressure results in diminished renin secretion, thereby lowering aldosterone production. Vascular wall changes associated with arteriosclerosis may also disrupt internal regulatory mechanisms in the kidneys, further interfering with aldosterone secretion. Surgical interventions such as renal artery bypass or renal angioplasty may be recommended under medical guidance.

Regular follow-up testing of aldosterone levels, related hormones, renal function, and other indicators is recommended to allow timely adjustment of treatment plans.