What causes stomach bloating and which medications can be taken?

　　Gastric distension refers to gas accumulation in the stomach and intestines. Gastric or intestinal distension may be related to improper diet, mental stress, abdominal cold exposure, indigestion, gastritis, and other factors. Generally, medications such as domperidone tablets, hawthorn pills, Baohe granules, omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, and amoxicillin capsules can be taken under a doctor's guidance. The analysis is as follows:

　　1. Improper diet: Consuming excessive gas-producing foods, such as legumes, tubers, carbonated beverages, etc., may produce large amounts of gas during digestion and decomposition in the stomach. This situation generally does not require medication. It is recommended to correct unhealthy eating habits promptly and appropriately reduce consumption of gas-producing foods.

　　2. Mental stress: Emotional fluctuations, high stress, and other psychological factors may affect the normal peristalsis and digestive functions of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to gastric or intestinal distension. Usually, no medication is needed. It is recommended to relieve stress through deep breathing, and symptoms generally resolve spontaneously.

　　3. Abdominal cold exposure: Cold exposure to the abdomen may cause gastrointestinal vasoconstriction, affecting blood circulation and digestive function, which can subsequently lead to gastric or intestinal distension. This may be a normal phenomenon; maintaining warmth in daily life is sufficient, and medication is generally unnecessary.

　　4. Indigestion: Symptoms of indigestion, such as insufficient gastric motility and reduced secretion of digestive fluids, may cause prolonged food retention in the stomach, leading to gas production through fermentation, thus causing the above-mentioned symptoms. Patients should use medications such as domperidone tablets, hawthorn pills, and Baohe granules as advised by a doctor to aid recovery.

　　5. Gastritis: Symptoms of gastritis, such as damage to the gastric mucosa and inflammatory responses, may impair normal gastric emptying and digestive functions, leading to gastric or intestinal distension, which may also be accompanied by discomfort such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Patients are advised to take medications such as omeprazole enteric-coated capsules, amoxicillin capsules, and cimetidine tablets under medical guidance to alleviate symptoms.

　　In daily life, it is recommended to walk appropriately after meals to promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and digestion. If symptoms do not subside after taking medication, it is recommended to seek timely medical treatment at a hospital.