What is a closed comedone?

Comedones are typically a type of chronic inflammatory skin condition that occurs in the pilosebaceous units of the skin. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and follow standardized treatment under a physician's guidance. A detailed explanation is as follows:

Comedones represent a common skin issue categorized under acne. They form when the opening of a hair follicle becomes blocked by accumulated keratinocytes or excess sebum, preventing the sebum from being discharged normally, thereby forming small skin-colored or white bumps. Comedones may be associated with various factors, including poor dietary habits, medication use, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, sleep deprivation, inappropriate use of cosmetics, or inadequate skin cleansing. Clinically, they present as follicle-aligned, cone-shaped papules, typically the size of a grain of rice or a pinhead, appearing white or creamy white, with possible yellowish-white or light yellow sebum exuding from the skin surface. Generally, there are no subjective symptoms, although localized redness and pain may develop if secondary infection occurs. Patients may apply topical medications such as tretinoin cream, erythromycin ointment, or fusidic acid cream under medical supervision.

It is recommended to maintain clean and dry skin and to avoid frequent touching or scratching with hands to prevent bacterial infection. Additionally, adjust your diet to include more fresh fruits and vegetables, consume adequate vitamins, and maintain a light diet to promote skin recovery. Avoid staying up late and ensure sufficient sleep. Use mild, non-irritating skincare products.