What does hepatitis B virus mean?

Jan 25, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Gao Jun

Introduction

Hepatitis B virus is a hepatotropic DNA virus that is infectious and primarily transmitted through close contact, sexual contact, and mother-to-child transmission. After infection, symptoms such as liver area pain and loss of appetite may occur; severe cases may lead to jaundice and spider angiomas. Treatment involves avoiding causative factors, improving lifestyle habits, and using antiviral medications when necessary.

Generally speaking, the term "hepatitis B virus" refers to the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV is a type of hepatitis virus belonging to the Hepadnaviridae family and is具有一定传染性. Common symptoms include gastrointestinal discomfort and discomfort in the liver area. If experiencing any discomfort, it is recommended to seek timely medical attention. Detailed analysis is as follows:

Hepatitis B virus is a contagious virus mainly transmitted through close contact, sexual contact, and mother-to-child transmission. Individuals with low immunity or excessive fatigue are at higher risk of infection. After infection with HBV, patients may experience symptoms such as liver area pain, weakness in limbs, and decreased appetite. As the condition worsens, it may lead to jaundice and spider angiomas.

If infection with the hepatitis B virus is detected, it's important to promptly improve unhealthy lifestyle and dietary habits, such as long-term熬夜 (staying up late) and alcohol consumption. If the condition is severe, timely medication as prescribed by a physician is necessary, including drugs such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablets, lamivudine tablets, and telbivudine tablets.

It should be noted that the hepatitis B virus is contagious. Therefore, if there is a hepatitis B virus carrier in the family, appropriate preventive measures should be taken to avoid cross-infection. Additionally, regular follow-up visits are necessary to adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner.

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Can hepatitis B surface antigen disappear?

In general, the hepatitis B surface antigen may disappear, but it does not vanish in all cases. The likelihood and speed of its disappearance are closely related to the type of infection, the patient's immune status, and whether standardized treatment is received. For both acute and chronic infections, regular testing of hepatitis B viral markers is necessary to confirm whether the hepatitis B surface antigen has disappeared.

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Can the interval between hepatitis B vaccine doses be shortened?

Under normal circumstances, the interval between hepatitis B vaccine doses should not be shortened arbitrarily and must strictly follow the national recommended standard schedule. In special cases, any adjustment should only be made after evaluation by a physician, as shortening the interval without guidance may compromise the immune response. The general population should receive hepatitis B vaccinations according to the standard recommended intervals. If vaccination is delayed due to special reasons, individuals should consult a doctor for appropriate adjustments and must not shorten the interval on their own.

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How many years does the hepatitis B vaccine provide protection?

In general, the protective effect of the hepatitis B vaccine typically lasts for 5 to 10 years. In some individuals, antibody levels remain high after vaccination, allowing protection to extend beyond 10 years. The exact duration should be determined based on individual antibody levels. It is recommended to regularly test for antibodies and decide whether a booster dose is needed according to the results. In daily life, it is important to avoid contact with blood, bodily fluids, and other potential sources of infection from individuals with hepatitis B.

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Can hepatitis B virus cause fetal malformations?

The hepatitis B virus itself usually does not directly cause fetal malformations; its primary risk is transmitting the virus to the fetus. To reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission, pregnant women who are hepatitis B surface antigen positive should receive antiviral interventions under medical guidance, including appropriate use of antiviral medications during pregnancy and timely administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine to the newborn after birth.