Can povidone-iodine disinfection cause allergies?

Mar 20, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Ziqi

Introduction

Under normal circumstances, povidone-iodine disinfection may potentially cause allergic reactions, although such cases are relatively rare. Povidone-iodine is a widely used disinfectant whose active ingredient is iodine, capable of killing pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and spores. It is commonly used for disinfection of the skin, mucous membranes, and prior to surgical procedures. If the patient is otherwise healthy and uses povidone-iodine under a physician's guidance, it generally does not cause skin allergies.

Generally, povidone-iodine disinfection may potentially cause allergic reactions, although such cases are relatively rare. If discomfort occurs, prompt medical attention is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:

Povidone-iodine is a widely used disinfectant whose active ingredient is iodine. It can kill pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and spores and is commonly used for disinfection of the skin, mucous membranes, and prior to surgical procedures. If the patient is a normal individual and uses povidone-iodine under a doctor's guidance, it generally will not cause skin allergies. However, a small number of individuals may experience allergic reactions after using povidone-iodine for disinfection. Initial symptoms may include localized redness and itching, due to allergic reactions causing skin vasodilation and tissue fluid exudation, which stimulate nerve endings. As the allergic reaction worsens, rashes may develop, and in severe cases, blisters and erosion may occur, accompanied by significant pain, affecting the normal condition of the wound or skin.

If allergic to povidone-iodine, use should be immediately discontinued, the affected area should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of water, and medical attention should be sought promptly. Depending on the severity of the allergy, the doctor may administer appropriate treatments such as antiallergic medications, including drugs like Loratadine tablets or Cetirizine hydrochloride capsules.

To prevent allergic reactions to povidone-iodine, it is recommended to perform a skin test before first use. A small amount of povidone-iodine can be applied to sensitive areas such as the inner wrist or behind the ear, observing whether abnormal reactions such as redness or itching occur. If an allergic reaction occurs, use should be immediately stopped, and further medical advice should be sought.

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