What Causes Vertical Ridges on the Nails?

In daily life, some individuals notice vertical ridges on their fingernails and immediately become anxious, worrying whether this is an abnormal sign indicating an underlying health problem. So, what causes vertical ridges on nails? Below, we provide answers to this question.

What Causes Vertical Ridges on Nails?

1. Trauma

Repeated manicures, prolonged immersion in water, or friction from external substances can interfere with nail growth and lead to vertical ridges on the nail surface. It is advisable to minimize the frequency of manicures. If vertical ridges result from minor trauma—such as bumping or pinching—the condition is usually benign and resolves spontaneously within approximately two weeks. Regular hand care is recommended; wearing rubber gloves while doing household chores can help protect the nails.

2. Vitamin Deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency may cause rough, dry skin, night blindness, corneal dryness, or softening—and may also manifest as vertical ridges on the nails. To address this, incorporate vitamin A–rich foods into your diet, such as chicken liver, pork liver, carrots, dairy products, leeks, spinach, chili peppers, mangoes, and daylilies. Additionally, under medical supervision, appropriate supplementation with vitamin A tablets or formulations may be considered.

3. Excessive Fatigue

Chronic physical overexertion may lead to symptoms such as indigestion or generalized body aches—and may also impair nail development, resulting in vertical ridges. Maintaining a healthy balance between work and rest is essential. Avoid excessive physical strain, manage stress effectively, practice relaxation techniques to alleviate both physical and mental fatigue, and ensure at least eight hours of quality sleep each night.

The above outlines the common causes of vertical ridges on nails. We hope this information is helpful to you.